A Secret Smokers Personal Quit Story

A Secret Smokers Personal Quit Story June 24, 2019 Sabina Dimitriu/Moment/Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Personal Stories Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Beating nicotine addiction is tough, but when you dont have the support of those around you because they dont know you smoke, it makes the task doubly hard. This poignant account of one secret smokers story illustrates the stress that comes with the territory and the support an online community can offer on the road to recovery. Congratulations go out to About Smoking Cessation forum member Nope55 along with my thanks for sharing her story here. I started smoking when I was 12 years old - buying packs of cigarettes with my paper route money. I grew up in a time when smoking was generally acceptable.   Both of my parents smoked, but my father did say that if he ever caught me smoking, he would make me smoke a whole carton so I would be so sick I would never want to smoke again. Sadly, I never got caught and my smoking continued. As everyone around me smoked, no one could smell it on me. I was soon in high school smoking a pack a day - spending my lunch time in the bathroom with the other “cool kids”. Every one of my friends smoked and in college I could even smoke in lectures. Life went on and I met my future husband. He was anti-smoking so I told him I was a social smoker, (if there is such a thing) having one at parties etc. Little did he know that I was well over a pack a day smoker by then. I would stop smoking two hours before he arrived home, showered several times a day and changed my clothes faster than I could wash them. I hid cigarette packs in socks tucked away in back of drawers, at the bottom of the clothes hamper, or in pockets of coats way back in the closet. I never had an ashtray - I used to wrap up the butts in wet paper towels, put them in a baggie and throw them in bins at stores. Soon I was in my thirties and almost everyone I knew had stopped smoking. They either became pregnant or stopped as their parents were ill from smoking-related diseases. I continued as I did not think I was strong enough to quit and I was still young. I did manage to stop with my two pregnancies but started again soon after. I told everyone I did not smoke as I was ashamed that I was so weak. I did look at my little ones faces and think “I need to quit for them - they need their mother around.” I started my first quit attempt in 2003. I used Zyban and it totally took the urge away to smoke. It was almost too easy. I did no homework and soon stress hit and bam - I stopped at the store and smoked a whole pack that day. I said to myself - I will quit again soon. I hated being a closet smoker. I dreaded family holidays as I could not smoke. I hated weekends because everyone was around. I made endless trips to the store so I could stop along the way and smoke. And worst of all, I sometimes gave the kids money to go to the movies so I could stay home and smoke. I also avoided hugs from them if they came home early as I knew I would be found out. I sometimes think people must have smelled cigarette smoke on me, but no one ever commented. Fast track to 2009. Yes, it took me that long to try the second time. You would have thought that since I had two parents die within nine months of one another due to smoking-related illnesses, I would have quit sooner, but the stress just made me smoke more. This time I used nicotine replacement therapy. It was not as easy as Zyban, but I did manage for a few weeks. Then stress hit and the car was on auto drive to the store to buy a pack once again. I was now getting obsessed about stopping. I knew genetics were not on my side and that I was getting to an age where I needed to do something really soon. But there was always a reason why today or this month would not work as something was going on in my life. Then one day I was doing some volunteer work and had to take someone to the hospital for radiation therapy. She looked about 65 and was very frail and could hardly speak. She told me her age and that she had lung cancer and was terminal. I totally freaked out. She was younger than me and had smoked fewer years and fewer cigarettes than I did. I went home, smoked a final cigarette and threw away the pack. I googled quit online groups and found this forum. Since then I have never looked back. I used nicotine replacement therapy during the first month and it was hard, but not as hard as I thought. I did my homework and read Allen Carr every day. He is still in my nightstand. The combination of all this has brought me to this day, one year smoke-free, and released me from the prison of nicotine addiction and the horrible double life I led. Thanks to everyone who has helped me along the way, and to all those people who care for a faceless person living on the other side of the world. These past two months have been very challenging for me as I am living on another island from my family doing up a house - there is no TV, furniture, fridge, computer, etc. It has been stressful living in my former city of Christchurch which still shows the devastation of the earthquakes, my house included. But I remain smoke-free. Kia Kaha (Maori for stay strong)

My Classroom Management Plan Essay - 2727 Words

A classroom management plan is essential in order for a teacher to affect student learning. An effective plan will take into consideration many factors. First and foremost the focus must be on the content of the material to be taught. The teacher must plan the academic lessons thoroughly. It is important to keep your eye on the ball. Your goals for the academic progress must be at the heart of this plan. Therefore you must know where you are taking this class, before a path can be chosen. In this respect, I share the philosophy of William Glasser. He believes that the key to classroom management is a vital interesting curriculum. A need for this curriculum must be demonstrated to be relevant in their everyday lives, and†¦show more content†¦They all feel that establishing a classroom community is important. After all the need for belonging is very important. Being an integral part of a community is belonging on a very large scale. For students or anyone to feel l ike they are members of a community, they must have made an investment in it. Albert believes that the contribution to the code of conduct is a sufficient contribution to form a community. Gordon suggests that contracts and agreements establish communities, as does Dreikurs. Kohn places the emphasis on cooperative learning, where academic contributions are the best way to forming a safe comfortable community. I think that they are all correct, but I believe that even a bigger investment could be made. Just like any community, it is important to have leaders and assignment of responsibilities. The method and process for the selection of these should be determined by the social contract, but I would like to see these issues put on the table. Here again I agree with Jones in practice but not theory. I like student led bell work and studentassigned chores. I think that if the leadership roles and chores were student generated, regulated, and rotated, everyone would eventually h ave a physical investment in each other and in the classroom itself. It could be a viable community. Consistent with their view of children, all of the theorists mentioned believe in a democratic classroom. Properly sold, the teacher’s academic goals willShow MoreRelatedMy Classroom Management Plan6191 Words   |  25 PagesClassroom Management Plan A. Theoretical Introduction 1. Philosophy of Classroom Management My philosophy of classroom management is that it should be used to meet both the students’ and the teacher’s needs. It should be constantly evaluated and re-evaluated in order to maintain an environment that is effective for both learning and teaching. An effective classroom management plan will enable the students and the teacher to respect each other. It is important in order for classroomRead MoreMy Classroom Management Plan Essay743 Words   |  3 Pagesthat for many beginning teachers, classroom management can be one of the most challenging aspects of their new career.   Knowing this, I decided to experiment with many classroom management approaches during my student teaching to find one that fit both my students and myself.   Based on these experiences, I designed a classroom management plan that I will implement in my classroom as a beginning teacher.   It is important to note, however, that my classroom management philosophy will be evolvin g as necessaryRead MoreMy Hybrid Classroom Management Plan891 Words   |  4 PagesMy hybrid classroom management plan that combines the Canter and Canter Assertive discipline style and Dreikur’s Democratic Teaching and Management procedures allows me to incorporate the students’ opinions and ideas into the classroom rules and procedures. This allows for a sense of community and shared responsibility between both myself and the students to insure that the rules are being met. By allowing the student to have a say in how the classroom will run day to day makes them feel like theyRead MoreMy Classroom Management Plan Essay979 Words   |  4 Pages    A well-managed classroom requires organization and planning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is nothing more frustrating than a room where you can’t find anything and are unsure of your boundaries. Classroom management begins even before the students enter the classroom on the first day. In order to establish the proper work environment students should have an assignment waiting on their desks as soon as they enter the room. In my case this will be some sort of a tell me about yourself and what you thinkRead MoreEssay on My Classroom Management Plan2064 Words   |  9 Pages      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My philosophy of classroom management is to allow students to be responsible for their own behavior at all times. I believe allowing students to be responsible for their behavior and actions allow them to have a sense of freedom. When students have freedom, they seem to be more successful and respectful. Classroom management is more successful when the class is student-centered. Students should be included in the planning of classroom rules, room arrangement, and communicationRead MoreMy Classroom Management Plan Essay5310 Words   |  22 PagesClassroom Management Plan v Theoretical Introduction Philosophy of Classroom management Creating a well managed classroom involves deliberate planning and thought. Like the study of science, each part of the classroom scheme builds upon others and the classroom becomes an intertwined community of interdependent parts. In science, there are underlying laws that structure all other scientific actions and reactions. Similarly, the underlying classroom philosophy provides the backbone for myRead MoreMy Classroom Management Plan Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesI believe that the children in our classrooms are the future to our nations success. Each student will bring a different skill and talent to the classroom, and as a teacher it is my goal to help each student to succeed to their maximum potential. Students shall learn and adapt to essentialism. Students will graduate knowing all the required material and more to ensure a promising future. Parents should support each student to the best of there ability. The community’s roll is to support academicRead MoreMy Pers onal Classroom Management Plan1881 Words   |  8 Pages* Running Head: MY PERSONAL CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT PLAN * * * * My Personal Classroom Management Plan Marwan Wilson Grand Canyon University EDU 450 – Classroom Engagement amp; Management Ashley Calhoun February 12, 2012 Abstract A teacher in the classroom setting is considered a professional in that environment because they have the training and skills necessary by which to create a setting which is conducive to learning. To aide in the establishment of a setting which is conduciveRead MoreMy Classroom Management Plan Essay5306 Words   |  22 PagesClassroom Management Plan    A. Theoretical Introduction    Philosophy of classroom management      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My philosophy of classroom management is characterized by a teacher-centered approach. I believe that the teacher is the leader of the classroom and should determine the learning needs of the students. To have an effective classroom management, I would begin the school year by dedicating some time in educating my students on the class rules, expectations, and consequences. I would strictlyRead More My Classroom Management Plan Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesMany of us tend to equate classroom management with discipline (and for that matter, to equate discipline with punishment, but thats another story). I see classroom management as the processes and procedures that are in place to mitigate the need for punishment, leaving discipline to cleave to its roots of to follow. Anything else is not classroom management. It’s damage control. Classroom management starts, for me, with very clear expectations, and firmly established procedures.  I begin the

Abb Relay Business Building and Managing Global Matrix

n the case study titled â€Å"ABB’s Relay Business: Building and Managing a Global Matrix†, the author attempted an examination of the success and challenges that occurred as a result of the decision to merge two medium scale telecommunications companies - Asea and Brown Boveri. The merger was necessitated by the depression in the utility equipment market. As a result of this, the chairmen of both companies met and decided it was in the best interest of the two companies to come together in forming an allegiance that will place them in a position where they can operate on a global scale. The merger was completed in 1987 when Asea Brown Boveri was birthed and the former chairman of Asea chosen to be the leader of the transition process. As†¦show more content†¦Also, there was the problem of meeting set deadlines and participating in the company’s amalgamation processes that appears to be time consuming. In solving these problems, my recommendations are as follows; that role of the central management body should be totally separated from that of the national management body. This can be done by clearly stating the extent of power and responsibility of the two positions. Also, companies that are involved in the same kind of production should ensure that they exchange ideas and technologies in order to maximize output. In this sort of situation, there should be a system that encourages the proper relations between companies that are involved in the same kind of production. Staffs may be occasionally transferred from one company to the other to help buffer the expertise that is lacking in the other company. Finally, the role of the central body should be reduced to a supervisory role in order to ensure faster decision making. Managers of companies should be left with the sole responsibility of making decisions. They should also be given the power to take matters in their hands if they p erceive that the BA is taking more time thanShow MoreRelatedBuilding and Managing a Global Matrix8112 Words   |  33 PagesHarvard Business School 9-394-016 Rev. April 26, 1999 ABB’s Relays Business: Building and Managing A Global Matrix It was a casual conversation between the chairmen of Asea and Brown Boveri in 1987 about the dismal state of the utilities equipment market that eventually led to merger talks between these two giant power equipment companies. Within weeks of the announcement in August 1987, Percy Barnevik, the CEO of Asea who was asked to lead the combined operations, had articulated a strategicRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structure [9.1.3] 9.1.1 Organization charts 1.4.4 Project offices Chapter 4 9.2 Building the teamRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practice further by analysing the strategic issues of speciï ¬ c organisations in much greater depth – and often providing ‘solutions’Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManagement Course: MBA−10 General Management California College for Health Sciences MBA Program McGraw-Hill/Irwin abc McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Text: Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition Cohen Harvard Business Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell LeadershipRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagessolutions than more sophisticated insights into the complexity of the issues at stake. Although there is more and more talk of the need for relevance and application, the pressures at play are more likely to push in the opposite direction. Rather than building on a strong tradition of really useful relationships between the practical and academic spheres in accounting, I sense that the two worlds have less and less to do with one another. It is therefore ever more important to reflect on the contributionsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesEditorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB

Violent Video Games Free Essays

In the past 20 years society has fallen victim to mass murders perpetrated by children, even though overall crime is down. In order to better understand this; social scientists are conducting studies on whether violent video games contribute to this cycle of violence or are they just a tragic coincidence. In â€Å"violent Video Games: Dogma, Fear, and Pseudoscience† Christopher Ferguson argues that there is no significant contribution to video game violence and the up-tick in youth violence seen today. We will write a custom essay sample on Violent Video Games or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, David Grossmann in â€Å"Trained to kill (children who kill)† argues that video game violence not only contributes, but also trains children how to successfully carry out violent fantasies. Both Psychologists find little common ground. Fergusson states that â€Å"we understand little about the psychology of the young men who carry out such horrific crimes†. He feels that in society’s zeal to control this phenomenon social scientists are â€Å"masking the language of fear and irrationality, in the language of science†. In contrast Grossman demonstrates a strong correlation between video game violence and the alarming level of violence in today’s youth. He argues that the methodology used by our military and law enforcement during training, is being employed by the media and video game industries whose primary consumer is our children. Fergusson counters this by charging that violent video games are not the root cause because of inconsistencies in studies. He further states that â€Å"the gap between social science and reality has led to a moral panic regarding the effects of violent video games on youths†. He states that society is repeating the same media-based panics of the past; when Greeks plays, Bible translations, Rock, and rap among others were blamed for violence in the youth of it’s time. Grossman approaches the subject by dissecting the predisposition of violent behavior and looks at how desensitizing children to violence at an early age can have devastating effects. He uses his experience and expertise in this field to gather data to support this claim. While Fergusson accepts the hypothesis that violent video games increase aggression and violent behavior, he feels that it is ust that, a hypothesis. He does not believe the data supports its claim; stating there is a â€Å"tenuous connection between survey questionnaires or consensual aggression games in the laboratory and mass shooting incidents or the phenomenon of youth violence more generally in real life†. Grossman does not rely on other studies to arrive at his conclusions. He compares the data on how military and law enforcement are trained to cope and properly function in a violent environment. He then compares this with how the media and video game industries mimic this formula. Grossman puts forth the four recognized steps to desensitization towards killing; â€Å"Brutalization†, â€Å"Classical Conditioning†, â€Å"Operant conditioning† and finally supplying a â€Å"role model†. Comparing this with how the media and video game industries market their products. What is found is a duplication of these four steps by the media in their marketing strategies. On the other hand Ferguson states his own studies and that of Colwell, Olson and Kutner â€Å"find no such effect†. In his study, he finds little correlation between how the video and media entertainment industries affect the violent tendencies in adolescents or adults. Both scientists bring forth valid points to this debate, however while scientists continue to debate this issue, children continue to suffer. Both sides of the argument agree that emotionally disturbed, depressed, socially isolated and rage filled children are at a greater risk of carrying out these horrific crimes; however this is where their views part ways. While Ferguson sees validity to the hypothesis he does not believe video game violence is a contributor. Grossmann on the other hand, sees it as a serious contributing factor. This subject has turned from a disagreement in dissenting views to an all out debate between social scientists. What we do know regardless of which side you fall on in this debate is that parents must take an active role in their children’s lives, and ask the tough questions as well as monitor their children’s extra curricular activities. Whether it is pseudoscience or not you must answer that question. For now social scientists continue to debate this and as long as they do our children will continue to fall prey to this tragic cycle. How to cite Violent Video Games, Essay examples

Articles for Hospitality Management - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theArticles for Hospitality Management. Answer: Article 1# When Culture Doesnt Translate Erin Meyer critically described how working in an organization internationally can be troublesome in terms of shared norms and assumptions. Colleagues and clients working in the local organization can help them to share their own views, communicate easily and affect decision-making process as the culture is similar which leads to collaboration (Bjrkman et al. 2013, p.201). However, when the companies internationalize employees gets dispersed geographically and critically lose their interests as different countries react to inputs differently, decision-making process tends to be different and communicating process is different as well which leads to implicit communication and corporate culture clashes against local culture. Due to these factors, trust erodes between regional office and head office which significantly impacts the success of the company. The process of cultural disintegration and traditional solutions are no longer valid while companies internationalize. Erin Meyer crit ically provides five essential principles which can help the executives to prevent disintegration from running the business successfully. Efficiently applying these principles in management can help the company to enhance the chances of success (Awadh and Alyahya, 2013, p.1068). The five principles are identification the dimensions of difference, offering a voice to each member, protection towards the creative units, efficient training in key norms and being heterogeneous. Article 2# Japanese Business Discourse of Oneness In terms of the global business world, English dominates the sector as a lingua franca. English is widely spoken all over the world and it is considered as the language of international business. It is widely considered by the international managers that undermining English fluency can lead to enhance the ability in global communication which is desired for business globally (Girard and Harris, 2013, p.440). However, English should not be termed as a language for global communication as there are various perspectives of different communicating cultures which should also be considered for effective communication. The Japanese language is one of them which have unique features and communication styles. The inheritance and acceptance of the Japanese and other languages must be considered for achieving common business ground in terms of local workers, partners, expatriates, buyers, and sellers. Continuous dialog with mutual empathy is desired between these members for respecting the cult ures and values of each party which will definitely bring success and trust factor. Humanity is much more needed than nationality which should be considerably achieved by respecting self and others goal of interaction (Hatzky and Stites Mor, 2014, p.139). Empathy in transregional and transnational communication transcends cultural, national and regional boundaries which are critical in terms of successful global business. Article 3# Ten Most Useful Websites for Conducting Business with China The Chinese market has largely opened its market to the world; hence it is required to learn the business culture, business environment, marketplace as well as legislative regulations for gaining the strategic positioning of business. The ten listed websites will provide the complete details of the Chinese market (He et al. 2013, p.191). The first website critically provides details about commercial information, business facilitation, trade promotion and policy support for U.S. The second website is a B2B portal for China-U.S business and incorporates two main stakeholders. The third website provides details about the comprehensive resources of Chinese business. The fourth website provides detailed information about business and investment promotion which is assisted by Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and regional government authorities. The fifth website lets foreign investors learn about the up-to-date statistical data of China as desired. The sixth website is th e leading B2B service provider in terms of growing market of e-commerce in China. The seventh website provides details about China market in terms of international trade. The eight website describes Chinas international economic and trade cooperation (Witt and Redding, 2013, p.298). The ninth website details about procurement and sourcing of products from China. Lastly, the tenth website provides detailed information in terms of media news, business sources and information in a daily basis. Article 4# The US Struggles in APEC's Trade Politics American political structure is a driving force behind the activities of APEC such as the implementation of liberalization measures, the establishment of free trade area, the establishment of guidelines and security issues in terms of terrorism activities. The 1st and 2nd period among the four periods were critically objected by Japan and China (Terada, 2013, p.51). However, in the 3rd period, the Asian members did not support Bush in terms of combating terrorism by APEC even though it was considered as the primary structure in terms of economic cooperation. They typically supported the East Asian regionalism while excluding the U.S. Later in the 4th period, U.S. supported APEC as the primary structure for liberalization and forced for TPP. During this period, trade liberalization rooted through APEC in the form of discriminatory, reciprocity-based norms and legally binding. This, in turn, resulted in American coalition-building approach by promoting Trans-pacific partnership or TPP as an existing integration structure. This created a competitive ground in terms of regional trading policies with china that eventually became intense (Feinberg, 2003, p.1039). This is the first time when U.S. typically combined its norm and preferred agenda together. The TPP is a wide challenge towards the rise of regional trade politics of China as a quality regional framework beyond WTO. Article 5# Saving the Business without losing the Company In the business year 1999, the standardization and combination of the business platform of two well-renowned companies namely Nissan and Renault had made a huge impact globally. The CEO of Renault Louis Schweitzer had initiated the process by leading a turnaround strategy for Nissan at Tokyo which was a struggling Japanese motor giant (Ghosn, 2002, p.43). This was typically due to the fact that the two companies Nissan and Renault had agreed upon an essential strategic alliance among them. The agreement was assumed that Renault will be providing $5.4 billion debt of Nissan and in return, Renault will take 36.6% of equity stake from the Japanese company. This deal critically assisted both the companies and made wide sense as Renault will reduce the debt of Nissan and Nissan will strength in the North America will significantly fill the gap for Renault. The skills and capabilities of both the companies were unique which on combining enhanced their capabilities at a higher stake (Park, 2013, p.4379). Renault was well known for its innovative and creative design in the global world whereas Nissan is known for its quality skills in engineering. This had created a huge impact globally and gained a competitive advantage as well. Article 6# Fostering Transformative Global Leadership Leadership is culturally influenced, socially constructed and defined within social, environmental and historical contexts. Leaders must change their strategies based on the changing markets, solve complex problems and coordinate among compelling differences in a larger scale. For enhancing the abilities and skills of future leaders, the innovative approach incorporates appreciative inquiry methods, self-authorships, global leadership enhancement and cultural competency (Lozano et al. 2013, p.11). The formative approach is formed for preparing leaders that are eligible to handle social challenges, construct inclusive organizations and incorporate intercultural partnerships within different global communities with various cross-cultural abilities set. Global leaders are engaged towards influencing international communities in terms of sharing common goals and visions. Global leadership focuses on comprehending the relationship between leaders and followers towards the external environ ment that are featured by steady flux, interdependence, and ambiguity. However, enhancing global leaders in undergraduate level is quite challenging and requires analysis and practices to set the appropriate beliefs and values in them. The culturally relevant leaders must have the capacity and ability to solve any complex challenges as well as work across and within differences (Muff, 2013, p.505). This strategy will help to transform the agent of the undergraduate level into quality leadership talent during the crucial enhancement period. Reference List Journals- Awadh, A.M. and Alyahya, M.S., 2013. Impact of organizational culture on employee performance.International Review of Management and Business Research,2(1), p.168. Bjrkman, I., Ehrnrooth, M., Mkel, K., Smale, A. and Sumelius, J., 2013. Talent or not? Employee reactions to talent identification.Human Resource Management,52(2), pp.195-214. Feinberg, R.E., 2003. The political economy of United States free trade arrangements.The world economy,26(7), pp.1019-1040. Ghosn, C., 2002. Saving the business without losing the company.Harvard Business Review,80(1), pp.37-45. Girard, B. and Harris, L.M., 2013, October. Considering world history as a space for developing global citizenship competencies. InThe Educational Forum(Vol. 77, No. 4, pp. 438-449). Taylor Francis Group. Hatzky, C. and Stites Mor, J., 2014. Latin American Transnational Solidarities: Contexts and Critical Research Paradigms.Journal of Iberian and Latin American Research,20(2), pp.127-140. He, J., Mao, X., Rui, O.M. and Zha, X., 2013. Business groups in China.Journal of Corporate Finance,22, pp.166-192. Lozano, R., Lukman, R., Lozano, F.J., Huisingh, D. and Lambrechts, W., 2013. Declarations for sustainability in higher education: becoming better leaders, through addressing the university system.Journal of Cleaner Production,48, pp.10-19. Muff, K., 2013. Developing globally responsible leaders in business schools: A vision and transformational practice for the journey ahead.The Journal of Management Development,32(5), pp.487-507. Park, M., 2013. Understanding merger incentives and outcomes in the US mutual fund industry.Journal of Banking Finance,37(11), pp.4368-4380. Terada, T., 2013. The US Struggles in APECs Trade Politics: Coalition-Building and Regional Integration in the Asia-Pacific.International Negotiation,18(1), pp.49-66. Witt, M.A. and Redding, G., 2013. Asian business systems: Institutional comparison, clusters and implications for varieties of capitalism and business systems theory.Socio-Economic Review,11(2), pp.265-300.

William Shakespeare Essay Example

William Shakespeare Essay William Shakespeare was a writer, not a politician. But he was destined by the very fact of his greatness to become a theorist of politics as well. The temptation to find a sign of theory for politics in his work is too strong to resist – it is almost unbelieveable that a great writer living in England in the XVI-XVII centuries could escape greatest political and philosophical debates.Shakespeare did not. He was deeply involved into the context of his time, where state and power were among main subjects of concern. During all periods of his work, Shakespeare was formulating his own attitude towards the tendencies that shortly afterwards led to English revolution. The historical material he used was mainly about the period of long-lasting feudal conflicts in England.The problem as well as the approach were not unique. The so-called â€Å"political skill† was a matter of concern for many, especially those who denied its Divine origins. Naturally, political systems in Euro pe gave all resons for that. Christendom, a concept of the early Medieval period, has failed. European political space did not unify, more than that – it became evedent, that it was gradually disintegrated. Reformation and subsequent political conflicts, enspired by religious hostility, led to a raise of quite a â€Å"multipolar† world in Europe, in which intrigue and statecraft played sometimes   very important role – much more important than religious or ethnic motives. Especailly true that was about Italian states: difficult political environment and lack of unity made it vitaly important to improve political skills of the leadership. Something like that was later actual for France and England.Italian writer thus became the first to analyze the nature and peculiarities of political processes. Nicolo Machiavelli summed his conclusions in his â€Å"Prince†, which became an example of â€Å"pragmatic† view on power, so uncommon for Europeans of t he time. Undoubtedly, ideas expressed by Machiavelli influenced many people including writers and Shakespeare in particular. But such influence was accompanied by personal implications as well as by historical background. What was actual and true about Italian cities could have been absolutely incorrect about English counties.Thus historical plays by Shakespeare, in particular Henry IV and Richard II, are the exapmles of an English interpretation of Italian theory, which have something to share and in some ways opposes the latter. Shakespeare is neither an adept, not a critic of Machiavelli – he is an analyst of his own, concerned about the problems facing his society. Two strong motives may be observed in Shakespeare’s plays: 1) a support for the Divine Right of kings, which means that there is a need for some kind of justification of hereditary power, upon which stability may be created; 2) a call for â€Å"pragmatic† rule in the sense that power obtained from God should be exercised in the way that make people (in broad sense) more happy.Such a view, or synthesis, was not new or unique. New was the form of expression, the way in which Shakespeare described his point. Dialogues and scenes of Henry IV and Richard II are simple and clear but they convey some deep thoughts. A motive for Divine Right had been also expressed in Richard III, where the figure of main character dominates the whole scene from the beginning to the end. Something very much alike one may see in Richard II, with more complicated plot and composition. Shakespeare demonstrates that royal power is not something to enjoy.O villains, vipers, damnd without redemption!Dogs, easily won to fawn on any man!Snakes, in my heart-blood warmd, that sting my heart!Three Judases, each one thrice worse than Judas!Would they make peace? Terrible hell make warUpon their spotted souls for this offence!(W. Shakespeare. King Richard II. Act III, Scene 2.)For him this is something to be res ponsible for, probably – something to sacrifice or die for. Returning to Medieval tradition, we may found some pre-christian analogies in feudal conflicts. One king must equal for one God and that will be good.A dialogue between Falstaff and Poins may seem to prove that there is nothing divine in royal power. But later on it becomes evident that royal power which is destined gives sense of unlimited power.Such neighbour nearness to our sacred bloodShould nothing privilege him nor partializeThe unstooping firmness of my upright soul.(W. Shakespeare, King Richard II, Act I, Scene 1).Divine power means not very much responsibility by the definition. This is the place, Shakespeare makes his own point. Showing life of princes and king himself in Henry IV, he shows that Divine power is something that may disappear, or something that may be overtaken by people. â€Å"Special† effects, used in Henry IV, outline this idea. The plot is filled with small funny scenes from real li fe, showing how they affect political proceccess. A prince and a king are common people – again not a new idea, but expressed in new forms. An idea of destiny is outlined in several ways:Edwards seven sons, whereof thyself art one,Were as seven vials of his sacred blood,Or seven fair branches springing from one root.Some of those seven are dried by natures course,Some of those branches by the Destinies cut;(W. Shakespeare, King Richard II, Act I, Scene 2).One of the main ideas central for Shakespeare is the role of absolute royal power in general. Combining several approaches to it, trying to join Divine rights with very concrete responsibilities, Shakespeare although supports the view that the more power for a monarch the better. The reason for that is probably the political situation in England. The XV century was full of intrenal conflicts and wars. They were the main sourse for instability. Quite naturally, the reason seemed to be a weak royal power. The example of France demonstrated how strong monarch could win wars and guarantee trade and flourishing. Big English feudals – the Yorks, the Sommersets, the Northumberlands, the Hotspurs and others – were seeing as the main disorganizing force in the state. That was quite natural.Feudal anarchy is opposed by the idea of central power. For Shakespeare such power was only possible under a monarch, although republicans of the time had probably something to object. Royal power could only be possible with the idea of its Divine origin. Supported by church, such system would have been stable and long-lasting. This also implied the principle of hereditary power, with heirs strictly determined by family ties. Shakespeare could have vividly remebered the horrors of civil wars between the Yorks and the Lancasters, as well as conflicts preceeding Queen’s Elizabeth reign. The problem was widely discussed at the time, so it was almost impossible not to mention it while describing royal life. R egarfing all that one may understand the meaning of long dialogues on the topic, which are found in many of Shakespeare’s plays. All that is directly connected with the idea od Divine rights and with the problem of the transition of those rights.In Henry IV, Shakespeare describes the rule of the king as full of upraisals and other destabilizing events. The reason for them is the wrong policy adopted by the monarch, uneffective management, to put it in a more modern way.Here comes another part of a story. Shakespeare thus puts forward a thesis on â€Å"effective† use of power. That is very close to Machiavelli. An Italian was free from occupation with Divine rights. Despite he put all efforts to improve effectiveness of power, of whatever origin. Shakespeare shows miscalculations of Henry IV as leading to disasters. The episode of usurping power by Bolingbrock may be seen differently. It may be seen as a prelude for further troubles: by capturing power he violated Divin e rights which was the reason for further problems. But it also may look like a very â€Å"pragmatic† mistake. By creating a precedent, he opened way for other feudals, who from now on were just waiting for political mistakes. This could have been easily corrected by some measures without reviewing Divine status of power.Since Henry IV came to power with the help of feudals their relations are far from those of lord and servants. Divine status thus gives way to practical political reasons, which is so close to Machiavelli. The same picture is shown in Richard II. The constant dependancy on feudals and lack of Divine status is the everlasting problem of such king.Thus a strong royal power is a political good since it promotes the well-being of the whole society. But a king is to be somehow â€Å"up to his status†. This idea is illustrated in Henry IV:I stay too long by thee, I weary thee.Dost thou so hunger for mine empty chairThat thou wilt needs invest thee with my ho noursBefore thy hour be ripe? O foolish youth!(W. Shakespeare, King Henry IV, Part II, Act IV, Scene 5)For a king to be â€Å"effective†, he has to possess some moral qualities. Such a monarch is rarely found in Shakespeare’s plays.Unlike Shakespeare, Machiavelli considers heir’s status as just one from many important factors. A king for Machiavelli is just one of the politicians who have almost equal chances for success. Just like he compares Turkey and France to illustrate comparative difficulty of conquest, one may compare systems of non-absolute and absolute monarchy. The latter is easy to capture but difficult to retain. Later on these ideas on structural power were developed, for example, by A. Gramsci.Both for Shakespeare and for Machiavelli king’s moral qualitites are of some importance since they help retain power. The result is responsibility for both:Canst thou, o partial sleep, give thy reposeTo the wet sea-boy in an hour so rude;And in the ca lmest and most stillest night,With all appliances and means to boot,Deny it to a king? Then, happy low, lie down!Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.(W. Shakespeare, Henry IV, Part II, Act 3, Scene 1.)Shakespeare’s responsibility was different from Machiavelli’s. The latter’s was much more political. It demanded from a monarch constant struggle. Republican traditions of Italy can hardly be compared with political culture of England. Nevertheless, several problems were similar. Integration and unification seemed for Machiavelli possible only via skillful political operations. For Shakespeare there was an alternative – supported by Divine Right idea od centralized royal power. Both had something more important in common. They saw a royal power not as a value in itself, but as a tool for serving people. Weak power for Machivelli meant poor defense for people, first of all from external threat. Weak power for Shakespeare meant inner conflicts with people suffering from that most of all. An idea of Divine Right, central for Shakespeare did not prevent him from demanding a more skillful and effective politics serving people’s interests.Political situation in England was such that it demanded changes. The development of the state required modernization of political system. Old tasks were forgotten, the country needed to adapt for new economic situation. Shakespeare’s great role was to work out the experience of previous centuries and elaborate new remedies for new deseases. Divine Right was no longer enough; by defending it, Shakespeare dad not say that it should be the only basis and legitimator for royal power. At the end the skill and effectiveness would be judges. Obtaining royal power by Divine Right may be easy, but exersicing it is surely difficult. William Shakespeare Essay Example William Shakespeare Essay In the play, King Lear by William Shakespeare, King Learns character, actions and loss and regain of identity is reflected through his three daughters, General, Reagan and Cornelia. Both Reagan and General show material love. Goner mirrors Learns brutal, harsh side and beginning of his loss of identity. In the play, General will only accept a situation only if in her full command. This can be shown when, General tells that his solders are disordered, so debauched and bold, that the court, infected with their manners/Shows like a riotous inn (1. . 256) eventually asking him to lessen the amount of knights. Goner wants to gain control over Lear, by reducing his knights, but Lear does not want to because he believes he still has control, stating his knights as men of choice and rarest parts. Similar to Generals actions, Lear will only accept situation if in his full command. In Act 1 Scene 1, Lear asks all his daughters to flatter him, however he was rejected by Cornelia, eventually re sulting in Cordilleras encashment and discontent. Goner, not only reflects Learns actions against Cornelia, she also reflects Learns loss of power and identity. When she asks Lear to lessen his amount, it is clear that General will gain full control over Lear, eventually causing Lear to question who he truly Is. As Lear begins to lose his identity, he can see his reflection of brutality and harshness through his daughters, when they begin to overpower him. And regain of Identity Is reflected through his three daughters, We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Interview How to sometimes say no to your editor

Interview How to sometimes say no to your editor How to sometimes say 'no' to your editor - An interview with Gale Winskill Our 9th #freelancerfriday interview: â€Å"It does really worry me when authors take every suggestion that I make and implement it. I worry that they don’t believe enough in their own book. An author should always feel they can come back and say â€Å"I hate your suggestions but I accept that my original doesn’t work.† That’s healthy and that’s good. They can understand why you’ve made the criticism, but can then go away and find their own solution to a problem.†Gale Winskill  is a great editor. She offers the full set of editorial services, with a portfolio proving experience in an enormous variety of genres - including a strong background in editing children’s fiction. Below we talk plot-structure, polyediting, and a healthy way to work with an editor. Enjoy!What services do you provide?Mostly editing, proofreading and critiques, although I also do some training. I work with a variety of genres: a lot of fiction editing, bot h for adults and for children; a lot of academic editing for non-native speakers of English; non-fiction; children’s picture books; and manuscript critiques.Are there differences between editing adult and children’s fiction?Not very many. The basics of plot structure are essentially the same for both. The main difference is checking that the content is appropriate for the age group, that you’re talking about subjects that they can understand and follow, and that the language level is also suitable for the age category concerned.What do editors do for authors?The editor is the most critical reader you will ever encounter as an author. As an editor your role is partly to spot things that will be criticised, as well as what’s strong. An editor tries to make sure that the author doesn’t fall into those pitfalls. The author has an opportunity to address any weakness that might open their work  up to criticism before the book goes to print. The editor is very much a reader, first and foremost.Two editors will never think the same way, just as  two readers will find different things in the same text. I may have to tell an author that I can see why they did something one way, but that it may be perceived in a different way by readers. But how the author decides to address that is up to them. Your professional duty as an editor extends to telling an author what strikes you about a text, but at the end of the day it’s the author’s prerogative to ignore everything an editor says, as ultimately it’s their book.Is working with multiple editors a good practice for authors? Does having second opinions help?I think it usually ends up a mess. An author should find an editor they like and - while they don’t have to agree with everything the editor says - one they can work with.  If you have multiple editors it can be confusing. I might feel a particular character doesn’t work for a particular reason, wh ereas another editor might not see a problem. For authors, I don’t see how they can follow one person’s train of thought if they’re trying to compare that with another person’s train of thought.However, there’s a different argument for having more than one critique of a book. It might be interesting to see what various people pick up from reading a book without having them pull it apart.What kind of advice are you able to give an author?Judging by the responses of my authors, I’m good at spotting the weaknesses in a text and offering suggestions on how to resolve it. It does really worry me when authors take every suggestion that I make and implement it. I worry that they don’t believe enough in their own book. An author should always feel they can come back and say â€Å"I hate your suggestions but I accept that my original doesn’t work.† That’s healthy and that’s good. They can understand why you’v e made the criticism, but can then go away and find their own solution to a problem. Authors have told me that they knew something wasn’t working but couldn’t work out why. Once they know the reason they can go away and redraft it. I think authors prefer to be told when a book isn’t publishable in it’s current state but that it could be made to work if they do this and that, as opposed to publishing online and being slated. Authors appreciate criticism so long as it’s constructive, justified, and given in a diplomatic fashion.When should an author approach you with a work-in-progress? After the first draft is completed?Unless I’ve worked with an author for a while and I’m familiar with their work, I don’t like working on a book in pieces. As I work through the book I may change my mind about what I said in the first few chapters. If people send the work piecemeal, I don’t get a sense of the whole. I suggest to new author s that until they’re at the end of the process and are ready to submit it for editing, my seeing it doesn’t benefit them. It’s more constructive when the editor’s opinion is formed in one go.Thank you for your time Gale.